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Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease

IJTID
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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 20851103 EISSN : 23560991 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and elimination. The journal is intended for scientists, clinicians, and professionals in infectious diseases and related sciences. We welcome contributions from infectious disease specialists in academia, industry, clinical practice, public health, and pharmacy, as well as from specialists in economics, social sciences and other disciplines.

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Articles 5 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018)" : 5 Documents clear

THE DIFFERENCE OF MAP1LC3 LEVEL AS MACROPHAGE AUTOPHAGY MARKER BETWEEN RESISTANT AND SENSITIVE TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS ON RIFAMPICIN Dian Novita Wulandari; Jusak Nugraha; Soedarsono Soedarsono
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

M. tuberculosis (MTB) is an intracelular bacteria that live in the host macrophage cells. Several organs can be affected by tuberculosis but most major illnesses are lung diseases. Immediately after infection, MTB will be phagocytosed by the alveolar macrophage cells and can survive in the phagosome. The macrophage plays a role in innate immunity towards an infection using autophagy by removing the microbe directly via phagocytosis. When bacteria phagocytosized, vacuole membrane formed double membranes called autophagosome, and followed by degradation by lysosome, which known as autolysosome. Induction of autophagy can be observed on the formation of microtubule-associated proteins 1B lightchain 3B (MAP1LC3B/LC3). MAP1LC3B is protein that have role at autophagic way for selection autophagy substrate and biogenesis. In this study we are used serum from patients TB with rifampicin resistant and rifampicin sensitive as control. Samples were divided using gene expert to differentiate between resistant and sensitive rifampicin.This research aims to compare MAP1LC3B levels in resistant and sensitive rifampicin to study macrophages respond in autophagic way in tuberculosis patients, and give information for define therapy plan to improve therapy for MDR-TB patients. Type of this research is a case control study design with cross sectional research with each groups sample is 19 from age 18-65 years old. Result, MAP1LC3B serum levels on the rifampicin resistant group are lower compared to rifampicin sensitive group. This occur because MTB is able to hide and evade innate immune defense mechanisms. MTB can maintain intracellular growth inside the phagosome by inhibiting phagolysosome formation in autophagy process especially inhibit MAP1LC3B formation by PDIM.

COMBINATION ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY FOR ONYCHOMYCOSIS Nur Khamidah; Evy Ervianti
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit including the nail matrix, the nail bed and the nail plate by both dermatophyte and non-dermatophyte agents. It is disturbs not only cosmetic disfigurement, but also it may have an impact on patients’ emotional, social and occupational functioning, finally affecting the overall quality of life. The incidence rate tends to increase, management of onychomycosis is still challenging. Important problems regarding antifungal monotherapy have experienced many failures and recurrences. In general, pharmacological approaches for onychomycosis can be topical or oral antifungal. Antifungal monotherapies often lead to failure treatment, also high incidence of recurrence. One strategy for this problem is a combination antifungal therapy. In vitro studies show the synergistic effect of using combination two antifungals (both oral antifungal or combination topical and oral antifungal), hence it is mycologically or clinically expected to increase the success rate of onychomycosis therapy. This review tries to evaluate the previous study exploring the effectiveness of antifungal combination therapies on onychomycosis. Two oral antifungals usually used are terbinafine as fungicidal agent and itraconazole as fungistatic agent. There is combination between topical and oral antifungal such as itraconazole or terbinafine with amorolfine or ciclopirox, also other combination like griseofulvin and amorolfone or tioconazole. All the combination therapies show better result than monotherapy alone, but it is still difficult to conclude whether antifungal combinations in onychomycosis will increase effectiveness due to variations in therapeutic duration, result definition, and statistical evaluation on existing studies. Further research is required with longer duration of observation, uniform patient criteria and definition of success, random control and blinding to minimize bias.

CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGENEMIA IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS USING LATERAL FLOW IMMUNOASSAY DETECTION AT Dr. SOETOMO GENERAL HOSPITAL SURABAYA Sajuni Widjaja; Erwin Astha Triyono; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang; Abu Rohiman
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Cryptococcus infection in HIV / AIDS patients results in cryptococcal meningitis, a major cause of subacute meningitis with 100% mortality if not receiving appropriate antifungal therapy. An examination of cryptococcal antigen will provide risk information for patients who will experience cryptococcal meningitis. Better diagnosis in asymptomatic and symptomatic phases of cryptococcosis are key components to reduce morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the proportion of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV / AIDS patients treated at Intermediate Treatment-Infectious Diseases Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Cryptococcal antigenemia was examined in HIV / AIDS patients with suspected Cryptococcus infection and CD4+ T cell lymphocyte count <200 cell /μl. The examination used a lateral flow assay diagnostic tool, a simple FDA(Food and Drug Administration)-approved immunochromatographic test system for detection of capsular polysccharide antigens of Cryptococcus species complex (Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii) in blood. This test meets all of the World Health Organization ASSURED criteria (affordable, sensitive, specific, user friendly, rapid/robust, equipment-free, and delivered). Sensitivity and specifiticy of this method from serum are both 100%. There were 3 positive cryptococcal antigenemia from 41 serum HIV / AIDS patients with suspected cryptococcus infection at Intermediate Treatment- Infectious Diseases Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. All of these patients were male aged over 36 years, had CD4+ T cell lymphocytes <100 cell /μl and had never received antiretroviral therapy before. The proportion of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV / AIDS patients with suspected Cryptococcus infection at Intermediate Treatment-Infectious Diseases Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya was 7.32%.

A STUDY OF CORRELATION BETWEEN AGENT, HOST, ENVIRONMENT AND VACCINE FACTORS WITH PREVALENCE OF RABIES IN INDONESIA 2015 Tyas Ika Budi Setyowati; Putri Bungsu Machmud
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

A zoonotic disease has been global threat related to health and one of them is rabies. More than 150 countries around the world has infected by rabies disease problem and the case fatality rate (CFR) reaches 100%, which there are 55,000 people died every year because of rabies. In Indonesia, there are 25 from 34 province, which has endemic of rabies disease. The purpose of this study is to know the correlation between the factors of the agent, host, and environment and also anti rabies vaccine with the prevalence of rabies in Indonesia at 2015. The study used correlation design which using Indonesian zoonotic reported data by Ministry of Health and also used other secondary data, which is provided by central bureau of statistic Indonesia (BPS). The provinces that included in this study are the endemic provinces associated with the rabies incident that reported to Ministry of Health and have the completeness of data in 2015. A total of 22 provinces was included in this study, which only use Rabies cases from dog’s bite only. Rabies that source from others animal’s bite could not included in this study because of data limitations. This study used simple linear of regression statistical tests through provincial as unit analysis. The result of this study showed that there were correlations between agent that have positive specimens (r=0.606, P value =0.0003), status of working participation rate (r=0.435, P value 0.004) and also coverage of rabies vaccine (r=-0.567, P value =0.041) with the prevalence of rabies disease. In summary, there are a positive correlation between positive specimen of agent and also status of working participant rate with the prevalence of rabies disease. However, rabies vaccine coverage has negative correlation. Furthermore, there is no correlation between environment factors and prevalence of rabies disease in this study. It still need further research to be more research on a smaller level with variables that varied.

FEVER AS INDICATOR TO SECONDARY INFECTION IN DENGUE VIRAL INFECTION Soegeng Soegijanto; Sufiandika Nuryandari; Siti Churrotin; Teguh Hari Sucipto
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Dengue Virus Infections are distributed in tropical and sub-tropical regions and transmitted by the mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Dengue virus can cause dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome or dengue and severe dengue classified by World Health Organization. Beside it concurrent infection virus salmonella had been found some cases who showed fever more than 7 days. Concurrent infection with two agents can result in an illness having overlapping symptoms creating a diagnostic dilemma for treating physician, such as dengue fever with typhoid fever. The aim of this research is detection of dengue virus and secondary infection with Salmonella typhi in patients suspected dengue virus infection. Detection of dengue virus and Salmonella typhi using immunochromatography test such as NS1, IgG/IgM for dengue virus infection, and IgM/IgG Salmonella and blood culture. The fifty children with dengue virus infection came to Soerya hospital and 17 cases suspected dengue virus infection, five cases showed a positive NS1 on the second day of fever and one case concurrent with clinical manifestation of convulsi on the third days of fever there were five cases only showed positive. It was showed in this study that on the fourth to six day of fever in dengue virus infection accompanied by antibody IgM & IgG dengue. There were 12 cases showed the clinical manifestation of concurrent dengue viral infection and Salmonella, all of them showed a mild clinical manifestation and did not show plasma leakage and shock. In this study we found the length of stay of concurrent Dengue Virus Infection and Salmonella infection is more than 10 days. These patients were also more likely to have co-existing haemodynamic disturbances and bacterial septicaemia which would have required treatment with inotropes and antibiotics. This idea is very important to make update dengue viral management to decrease mortality in outbreak try to gain new prevention method before the occurrence of outbreak.

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